Directions:

    For Questions 6-10, you will hearaninterview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future.Whileyou listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions.Use notmore than 3 words for each answer. You will hear therecordingtwice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences andquestionsbelow. (5 points)

    What is Saffo according to himself?

    The Institute for the Futureprovidesservices to private companies and

    The Institute believes that tothinksystematically about the long-range future is

    To succeed in anything, one shouldbeflexible, curious and

    What does Saffo consider to beessentialto the work of a team?

    Part C

    Directions:

    You will hear three pieces ofrecordedmaterial. Before listening to each one, you will have timeto readthe questions related to it. While listening, answer eachquestionby choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will havetime tocheck your answers. You will hear each piece once only.(10points)

    Questions 11-13 are based onthefollowing talk about naming newborns. You now have 15 secondstoread Questions 11-13.

    11. What do we often do with thethingswe love?

    [A] Ask for their names.

    [B] Name babies after them.

    [C] Put down their names.

    [D] Choose names for them.

    12. The unpleasant meaning of anoldfamily name is often overlooked if

    [A] the family tree isfairlylimited.

    [B] the family tie is strong enough.

    [C] the name is commonly used.

    [D] nobody in the family complains.

    13. Several months after a baby’sbirth,its name will

    [A] show the beauty of its own.

    [B] develop more associations.

    [C] lose the original meaning.

    [D] help form the baby’spersonality.

    Questions 14 - 16 are based onthebiography of Bobby Moore, an English soccer player. You now have15seconds to read Questions 14 - 16.

    14. How many matches did Mooreplayduring his professional career?

    [A] 90.

    [B] 108.

    [C] 180.

    [D] 668.

    15. In 1964, Bobby Moore was made

    [A] England’s footballer of theyear.

    [B] a soccer coach in West Germany.

    [C] a medalist for hissportsmanship.

    [D] a number of the Order of theBritishEmpire.

    16. After Moore retired from playing,thefirst thing he did was

    [A] editing Sunday Sport.

    [B] working for Capital Radio.

    [C] managing professionalsoccerteams.

    [D] developing a sportsmarketingcompany.

    Questions 17 - 20 are based onthefollowing talk on the city of Belfast. You now have 20 secondstoread Questions 17 - 20.

    17. Belfast has long been famousforits

    [A] oil refinery.

    [B] linen textiles.

    [C] food products.

    [D] deepwater port.

    18. Which of the following doesBelfastchiefly export?

    [A] Soap.

    [B] Grain.

    [C] Steel.

    [D] Tobacco.

    19. When was Belfast founded?

    [A] In 1177.

    [B] In 1315.

    [C] In the 16th century.

    [D] In the 17th century.

    20. What happened in Belfast in thelate18th century?

    [A] French refugees arrived.

    [B] The harbor was destroyed.

    [C] Shipbuilding began to flourish.

    [D] The city was taken bytheEnglish.

    You now have 5 minutes to transferallyour answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.

    Section II UseofEnglish

    Directions: Read the followingtext.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C orD on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

    Many theories concerning the causesofjuvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people)focuseither on the individual or on society as the majorcontributinginfluence. Theories (21) ____ on the individual suggestthatchildren engage in criminal behavior (22) ____ they werenotsufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that theyhavelearned criminal behavior through (23) ____ with others.Theoriesfocusing on the role of society that children commit crimesin (24)____ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomicstatus (25)____ as a rejection of middle-class values.

    Most theories of juveniledelinquencyhave focused on children from disadvantaged families,(26) ____ thefact that children from wealthy homes also commitcrimes. Thelatter may commit crimes (27) ____ lack of adequateparentalcontrol. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28)____ tocriticism.

    Changes in the social structuremayindirectly (29) ____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changesinthe economy that (30) ____ to fewer job opportunities for youthandrising unemployment (31) ____ make gainful employmentincreasinglydifficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in(32) ____ leadmore youths into criminal behavior.

    Families have also (33) ____changesthese years. More families consist of one parent householdsor twoworking parents; (34) ____, children are likely to havelesssupervision at home (35) ____ was common in the traditionalfamily(36) ____. This lack of parental supervision is thought to beaninfluence on juvenile crime rates. Other (37) ____ causesofoffensive acts include frustration or failure in school,theincreased (38) ____ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (39)____of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tendtoincrease the probability of a child committing a criminal act,(40)____ a direct causal relationship has not yet beenestablished.

    21.[A] acting

    [B] relying

    [C] centering

    [D] cementing

    22.[A] before

    [B] unless

    [C] until

    [D] because

    23. [A] interactions

    [B] assimilation

    [C] cooperation

    [D] consultation

    24. [A] return

    [B] reply

    [C] reference

    [D] response

    25. [A] or

    [B] but rather

    [C] but

    [D] or else

    26.[A] considering

    [B] ignoring

    [C] highlighting

    [D] discarding

    27. [A] on

    [B] in

    [C] for

    [D] with

    28. [A] immune

    [B] resistant

    [C] sensitive

    [D] subject

    29. [A] affect

    [B] reduce

    [C] chock

    [D] reflect

    30. [A] point

    [B] lead

    [C] come

    [D] amount

    31. [A] in general

    [B] on average

    [C] by contrast

    [D] at length

    32. [A] case

    [B] short

    [C] turn

    [D] essence

    33. [A] survived

    [B] noticed

    [C] undertaken

    [D] experienced

    34. [A] contrarily

    [B] consequently

    [C] similarly

    [D] simultaneously

    35. [A] than

    [B] that

    [C] which

    [D] as

    36. [A] system

    [B] structure

    [C] concept

    [D] heritage

    37. [A] assessable

    [B] identifiable

    [C] negligible

    [D] incredible

    38. [A] expense

    [B] restriction

    [C] allocation

    [D] availability

    39. [A] incidence

    [B] awareness

    [C] exposure

    [D] popularity

    40. [A] provided

    [B] since

    [C] although

    [D] supposing

    Section IIIReadingComprehension

　Part A

    Directions: Read the followingfourtexts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, CorD. Mark your mowers on ANSWER SNEET 1. (40 points)

　Text 1

    Hunting for a job late last year,lawyerGant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database ontheInternet. He searched it with no success but was attracted bythesite’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive featurethatlets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title,andsalary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted inthedatabase. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectualproperty,and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got hisfirstnotification of an opening. “I struck gold,’ says Redmon,whoE-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position asin-housecounsel for a company.

    With thousands of career-related sitesonthe Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consumingandinefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visitstothe databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon,careerexperts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example,maywork against you: “Every time you answer a question youeliminate apossibility.” says one expert.

    For any job search, you should startwitha narrow concept —— what you think you want to do —— thenbroadenit. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert.“There’sno career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead,the beststrategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service tokeepabreast of jobs in a particular database; when you getE-mail,consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I wouldnotrely on agents for finding everything that is added to adatabasethat might interest me,” says the author of ajob-searchingguide.

    Some sites design their agents totemptjob hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends outmessagesto those who have signed up for its service, for example,itincludes only three potential jobs —— those it considers thebestmatches. There may be more matches in the database; jobhunterswill have to visit the site again to find them —— and theydo. “Onthe day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increasein ourtraffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketingforCareerSite.

    Even those who aren’t hunting forjobsmay find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep aclosewatch on the demand for their line of work or gatherinformation oncompensation to arm themselves when negotiating for araise.Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agentatCareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says.Workingwith a personal search agent means having another set ofeyeslooking out for you.

    41. How did Redmon find his job?

    [A] By searching openings in ajobdatabase.

    [B] By posting a matching position inadatabase.

    [C] By using a special service ofadatabase.

    [D] By E-mailing his resume toadatabase.

    42. Which of the following can beadisadvantage of search agents?

    [A] Lack of counseling.

    [B] Limited number of visits.

    [C] Lower efficiency.

    [D] Fewer successful matches.

    43. The expression “tip service” (Line4,graph 3) most probably means

    [A] advisory.

    [B] compensation.

    [C] interaction.

    [D] reminder.

    44. Why does CareerSite’s agentoffereach job hunter only three job options?

    [A] To focus on better job matches.

    [B] To attract more returningvisits.

    [C] To reserve space formoremessages.

    [D] To increase the rate of success.

    45. Which of the following istrueaccording to the text?

    [A] Personal search agentsareindispensable to job-hunters.

    [B] Some sites keep E-mailing jobseekersto trace their demands.

    [C] Personal search agents arealsohelpful to those already employed.

    [D] Some agents stop sendinginformationto people once they are employed.

    Text 2

    Over the past century, all kindsofunfairness and discrimination have been condemned or madeillegal.But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism.This, forthose as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, referstodiscrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letterinthe lower half of the alphabet.

    It has long been known that a taxifirmcalled AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac carswhencustomers thumb through their phone directories. Less wellknown isthe advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman.Englishnames are fairly evenly spread between the halves of thealphabet.Yet a suspiciously large number of top people havesurnamesbeginning with letters between A and K.

    Thus the American presidentandvice-president have surnames starting with B and Crespectively;and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including hisfather) hadsurnames in the first half of the alphabet against just16 in thesecond half. Even more striking, six of the seven headsofgovernment of the G7 rich countries are alphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi).Theworld’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, DuisenbergandHayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if oneofthem really uses Japanese characters. As are the world’sfiverichest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).

    Can this merely be coincidence?Onetheory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed bythealphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. Atthestart of the first year in infant school, teachers seatpupilsalphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remrtheirnames. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the backrow,and is rarely asked the improving questions posed bythoseinsensitive teachers. At the time the alphabeticallydisadvantagedmay think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the resultmay be worsequalifications, because they get less individualattention, as wellas less confidence in speaking publicly.

    The humiliation continues. Atuniversitygraduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awardsfirst; bythe time they reach the Zysmans most people are literallyhaving aZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers,listsof conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawnupalphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as theyploughthrough them.

    46. What does the author intendtoillustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?

    [A] A kind of overlooked inequality.

    [B] A type of conspicuous bias.

    [C] A type of personal prejudice.

    [D] A kind of brand discrimination.

    47. What can we infer from thefirstthree graphs?

    [A] In both East and West, namesareessential to success.

    [B] The alphabet is to blame forthefailure of Zo? Zysman.

    [C] Customers often pay a lotofattention to companies’ names.

    [D] Some form of discrimination istoosubtle to recognize.

    48. The 4th graph suggests that

    [A] questions are often put to themoreintelligent students.

    [B] alphabetically disadvantagedstudentsoften escape form class.

    [C] teachers should pay attention toallof their students.

    [D] students should be seatedaccordingto their eyesight.

    49. What does the author mean by“mostpeople are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, graph 5)?

    [A] They are getting impatient.

    [B] They are noisily dozing off.

    [C] They are feeling humiliated.

    [D] They are busy with word puzzles.

    50. Which of the following istrueaccording to the text?

    [A] People with surnames beginning withNto Z are often ill-treated.

    [B] VIPs in the Western world gainagreat deal from alphabetism.

    [C] The campaign to eliminatealphabetismstill has a long way to go.

    [D] Putting things alphabeticallymaylead to unintentional bias.

　Text 3

    When it comes to the slowingeconomy,Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the47-year-oldmanicurist isn’t cutting, filling or polishing as manynails asshe’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50weekly,but last month two longtime customers suddenly stoppedshowing up.Spero blames the softening economy. “I’m a goodeconomicindicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people candowithout when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.” SoSperois downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s departmentstorenear her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus.“Idon’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too”shesays.

    Even before Alan Greenspan’sadmissionthat America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of workingfolkshad already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. Fromcardealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for monthsasshoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last yeartookin 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving andChristmas,the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time.Already, expertssay, holiday sales are off 7 percent from lastyear’s pace. Butdon’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seemonly concerned, notpanicked, and many say they remain optimisticabout the economy’slong-term prospects, even as they do somemodestbelt-tightening.

    Consumers say they’re not indespairbecause, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunesstillfeel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in mostregions.In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4millionto $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Streetbonuses,”says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices arestillrising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to30offers, now maybe you only get two or three,” says john Deadly,aBay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feelprettycomfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.

    Many folks see silver linings tothisslowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lowerinterestrates. Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles inthe jobmarket. Many consumers seem to have been influenced bystock-marketswings, which investors now view as a necessaryingredient to asustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too.Getting a table atManhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant needto be impossible.Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. maystill be worthtoasting.

    51. By “Ellen Spero isn’t bitinghernails just yet”(Line 1, graph 1), the author means

    [A] Spero can hardly maintainherbusiness.

    [B] Spero is too much engaged inherwork.

    [C] Spero has grown out of herbadhabit.

    [D] Spero is not in adesperatesituation.

    52. How do the public feel aboutthecurrent economic situation?

    [A] Optimistic.

    [B] Confused.

    [C] Carefree.

    [D] Panicked.

    53. When mentioning “the $4 millionto$10 million range” (Lines 3-4, graph 3) the author istalkingabout.

    [A] gold market.

    [B] real estate.

    [C] stock exchange.

    [D] venture investment.

    54. Why can many people see“silverlinings” to the economic showdown?

    [A] They would benefit incertainways.

    [B] The stock market shows signsofrecovery.

    [C] Such a slowdown usually precedesaboom.

    [D] The purchasing power wouldbeenhanced.

    55. To which of the following istheauthor likely to agree?

    [A] A now boom, on the horizon.

    [B] Tighten the belt, thesingleremedy.

    [C] Caution all center, panic not.

    [D] The more ventures, themorechances.

    Text 4

    Americans today don’t place a veryhighvalue on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers,andentrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we sendourchildren to get a practical education —— not to pursueknowledgefor the sake of knowledge. Symptoms ofpervasiveanti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult tofind.

    “Schools have always been in asocietywhere practical is more important than intellectual,”sayseducation writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could beacounterbalance.” Razitch’s latest bock, center Back: A CenturyofFailed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualisminour schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalancetothe American distaste for intellectual pursuits.

    But they could and should be.Encouragingkids to reject the life of the mind leaves themvulnerable toexploitation and control. Without the ability tothink critically,to defend their ideas and understand the ideas ofothers, theycannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuingalong thispath, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become asecond-ratecountry. We will have a less civil society.”

    “Intellect is resented as a form ofpoweror privilege,” writes historian and professor RichardHofstadter inAnti-Intellectualism in American life, a PulitzerPrize winning bookon the roots of anti-intellectualism in USpolitics, religion, andeducation. From the beginning of ourhistory, says Hofstadter, ourdemocratic and populist urges havedriven us to reject anything thatsmells of elitism. Practicality,common sense, and nativeintelligence have been considered morenoble qualities than anythingyou could learn from a book.

    Ralph Waldo Emerson andotherTranscendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorousbooklearning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are shut upinschools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years andcomeout at last with a bellyful of words and do not know athing.”MarkTwain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified Americananti-intellectualism.Its hero avoids being civilized —— going toschool and learning toread —— so he can preserve his innategoodness.

    Intellect, according to Hofstadter,isdifferent from native intelligence, a quality wereluctantlyadmire. Intellect is the critical, creative, andcontemplative sideof the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp,manipulate, re-order, andadjust, while intellect examines, ponders,wonders, theorizes,criticizes and imagines.

    School remains a place where intellectismistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system isinthe grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaimtheirhostility to intellect and their eagerness to identifywithchildren who show the least intellectual promise.”

    56. What do American parents expecttheirchildren to acquire in school?

    [A] The habit ofthinkingindependently.

    [B] Profound knowledge of the world.

    [C] Practical abilities forfuturecareer.

    [D] The confidence inintellectualpursuits.

    57. We can learn from the textthatAmericans have a history of

    [A] undervaluing intellect.

    [B] favoring intellectualism.

    [C] supporting school reform.

    [D] suppressing native intelligence.

    58. The views of Ravish and Emersononschooling are

    [A] identical.

    [B] similar.

    [C] complementary.

    [D] opposite.

    59. Emerson, according to the text,isprobably

    [A] a pioneer of education reform.

    [B] an opponent of intellectualism.

    [C] a scholar in favor of intellect.

    [D] an advocate of regularschooling.

    60. What does the author thinkofintellect?

    [A] It is second to intelligence.

    [B] It evolves from common sense.

    [C] It is to be pursued.

    [D] It underlies power.

    Part B

    Directions:

    Read the following text carefullyandthen translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Yourtranslation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points)

    The relation of language and mindhasinterested philosophers for many centuries. (61) The Greeksassumedthat the structure of language had some connection with theprocessof thought, which took root in Europe long before peoplerealizedhow diverse languages could be.

    Only recently did linguists begintheserious study of languages that were very different from theirown.Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas Edward Sapir,werepioneers in describing many native languages of North andSouthAmerica during the first half of the twentieth century. (62)We areobliged to them because some of these languages havesincevanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out orbecameassimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguistsin theearlier part of this century, however, who were less eager todealwith bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not alwayssograteful. (63) The newly described languages were oftensostrikingly different from the well studied languages of EuropeandSoutheast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapiroffabricating their data.. Native American languages areindeeddifferent, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used bythe USmilitary as a code during World War II to send secretmessages.

    Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin LeeWhorf,continued the study of American Indian languages. (64)Beinginterested in the relationship of language and thought,Whorfdeveloped the idea that the structure of language determinesthestructure of habitual thought in a society. He reasonedthatbecause the structure of habitual thought in a society. Hereasonedthat because it is easier to formulate certain concepts andnotothers in a given language, the speakers of that languagethinkalong one track and not along another. (65) Whorf came tobelievein a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongestform,states that language imprisons the mind, and that thegrammaticalpatterns in a language can produce far-reachingconsequences forthe culture of a society. Later, this idea becameto be known asthe Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term issomewhatinappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasizedthediversity of languages ,Sapir himself never explicitlysupportedthe notion of linguistic determinism.

    Section Ⅳ Writing

    66. Directions:

    Study the following drawing carefullyandwrite an essay in which you should

    1) describe the drawing.

    2) interpret its meaning, and.

    3) support your view with examples.

    You should write about 200 wordsneatlyon ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)