2005年6月大学英语四级考试试题A卷(3)

　　Passage Two

　　“Tear ‘em apart!”“Kill the fool!” “ Murder the referee ( 裁判)！”

　　These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events . At the time

　　they are made ， they may seem innocent enough . But let’s not kid ourselves .

　　They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real

　　bloodshed . Volumes have been written about the way words affect us .It has been

　　shown that words having certain connotations (含义)may cause us to react in ways

　　quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior . I see

　　the term “ opponent “ as one of those words . Perhaps the time has come to

　　delete it from sports terms .

　　The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent “ is “adversary “ : “enemy “ ; “one

　　who opposes your interests .” “ Thus ， when a player meets an opponent ， he or

　　she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. At such times， winning may

　　dominate one’s intellect， and every action， no matter how gross， may be

　　considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee

　　refused a player’s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not

　　considered then wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his

　　wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”

　　In the heat of battle， players have been observed to throw themselves across the

　　court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone

　　in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent’s

　　international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as

　　hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court， they are good

　　friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude

　　which departs from normal behavior.

　　Therefore， I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to the level where it

　　belongs thereby setting an example to the rest of the sporting world . Replacing

　　the term “opponent “ with “ associate” could be an ideal way to start .

　　The dictionary meaning of the term “associate “ is “colleague” ; “friend” ;

　　“companion.” Reflect a moment ! You may soon see and possibly feel the

　　difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent.”

　　26. Which of the following statements best expresses the author’s view ?

　　A) Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences

　　B) The words people use can influence their behavior

　　C) Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletes

　　D) Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field

　　27. Harsh words are spoken during games because the players _______

　　A) are too eager to win

　　B) are usually short-tempered and easily offended

　　C) cannot afford to be polite in fierce competition

　　D) treat their rivals as enemies

　　28. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change

　　his gloves ?

　　A) He refused to continue the game

　　B) He angrily hit the referee with a ball

　　C) He claimed that the referee was unfair

　　D) He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt

　　29. According to the passage ， players ， in a game ， may _______

　　A) deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way

　　B) keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game

　　C) lie down on the ground as an act of protest

　　D) kick the ball across the court with force

　　30. The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by _______

　　A) calling on players to use clean language on the court

　　B) raisingthe referee’s sense of responsibility

　　C) changing the attitude of players on the sports field

　　D) regulating the relationship between players and referees

　　Passage Three

　　Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of

　　environmental claims made by household products， according to a “green labeling”

　　study published by Consumers International Friday .

　　Among the report’s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings-a German fertilizer

　　described itself as “ earthworm friendly” a brand of flour said it was

　　“non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally

　　friendlier”

　　The study was written and researched by Britain’s National Consumer Council

　　(NCC) for lobby group Consumer International . It was funded by the German and

　　Dutch governments and the European Commission .

　　“ While many good and useful claims are being made ， it is clear there is a long

　　way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental

　　impact of products they buy，” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder

　　.

　　The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain . Western Europe ，

　　Scandinavia and the United States . It found that products sold in Germany and

　　the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average .

　　The report focused on claims made by specific products ， such as detergent (洗涤剂)

　　insect sprays and by some garden products . It did not test the claims ， but

　　compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards

　　Organization (ISO) in September ，1999.

　　Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2，000

　　products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.

　　“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally

　　friendly ， but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing ，” said report

　　researcher Philip Page .

　　“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners

　　were second with 145 separate claims . while paints were third on our list with

　　73 .The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort

　　the true from the misleading .” he said .

　　The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging ，

　　because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be

　　verified . “ what we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations

　　meet the standards set by the ISO .” said Page.

　　31. According to the passage ， the NCC found it outrageous that ______

　　A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standards

　　B) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceiving

　　C) consumers would believe many of the manufactures’ claim

　　D) few products actually prove to be environment friendly

　　32. As indicated in this passage ， with so many good claims ， the consumers

　　_____

　　A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buy

　　B) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labeling

　　C) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the

　　environment

　　D) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment

　　33. A study was carried out by Britain’s NCC to _______

　　A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental

　　standards

　　B) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buy

　　C) examine claims made by products against ISO standards

　　D) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization

　　34. What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household

　　products ?

　　A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problems

　　B) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the false

　　C) They could arouse widespread anger among consumer

　　D) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don’t need

　　35. It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer

　　International wants to _______

　　A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements

　　B) see all household products meet environmental standards

　　C) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green products

　　D) verify the efforts of non-polluting products