照相（双语加油站●跟我学）

　　句子：请附寄一张你最近照的护照相片。

　　误译：Please enclose a passport photograph that you have taken recently.

　　正译：Please enclose a passport photograph of yourself， which has been taken recently.

　　解释：to take a photograph 的意思是“给人照相”。而a photograph that you have taken recently的意思是“一张你最近给别人照的相片，而不是你自己的相片”。

　　“照片”或“相片”可以译为photograph， photo， snapshot， snap或picture。其中snapshot和snap，尤其指“快照”。

　　“给人或物照相”有两种表达方法。一是 to photograph sb/sth，强调“照相”的动作。二是 to take a photograph/photo/snapshot/snap/picture of sb/sth，说明“照了一张”。例如：这位妈妈给她的婴儿拍照。The mother photographed her baby.

　　“让人拍照”，用 to have one’s photograph/photo/picture taken表示。例如：昨天我在颐和园让人给我照了一张相片。Yesterday I had a picture taken in the Summer Palace.

　　“自拍”，用to have/get oneself photographed表示。而“集体合影”用 to have a group photo taken 表示。例如：他在家门口自拍照片。He had himself photographed in front of his house.这些毕业生在离校前集体合影留念。The graduates had a group photo taken as a memento before they left school.

　　请比较下列句子。注意汉语的意思是模糊的，在英语中可以有不同的译法：他讨厌(给人或物)照相。

　　1)He hates/detests photographing.

　　2)He hates/detests taking photographs.

　　他讨厌(被人)照相。He hates/detests being photographed.▲

　　（本栏目供稿：王逢鑫教授）