齐鲁群星闪耀时丨孔子：“至圣先师”照亮华夏|孔子|群星

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　　在齐鲁大地的苍穹上，繁星闪烁，其中最璀璨的星辰，名叫孔子。公元前551年，在山东曲阜这座古老的城市中，儒家学派的创始人——孔子诞生了，他的思想和智慧，照亮了千年的时空。

　　In the firmament over the land of Qilu, stars twinkle, among which the most dazzling one is named Confucius. In 551 BC, in the ancient city of Qufu, Shandong, the founder of the Confucian school—Confucius was born. His thoughts and wisdom have illuminated the path of progress for thousands of years.

　　孔子，名丘，字仲尼。春秋乱世，礼崩乐坏，社会的动荡没有让孔子沉沦，反而激发了他探寻真理、拯救苍生的决心。自幼，孔子便对世间万物充满好奇与求知欲，15岁即“志于学”，相传曾问礼于老聃；30岁时已博学多才，成为当地较有名气的一位学者，并在阙里聚徒讲学。

　　Confucius, whose given name was Qiu and styled Zhongni, was born in the chaotic Spring and Autumn period when the rites collapsed and social order broke down. Instead of causing Confucius to sink into oblivion, it inspired his determination to seek truth and save the people. Since childhood, Confucius had been full of curiosity and eagerness for knowledge about everything in the world. At the age of 15, he was determined to learn, and it is said that he once inquired about rites from Laozi; By the age of 30, he had become a well-known scholar with extensive knowledge and started to teach disciples in Queli.

　　思想上博大精深

　　Profound and Broad in Thought

　　孔子的成就，不仅在于他创立了儒家学派，更在于他的思想对后世产生了深远的影响。他强调个人品德的修养和社会秩序的维护，他倡导的“仁、义、礼、智、信”，成为中华民族传统道德的基石；他主张的“为政以德”，为统治者治理国家提供了方向；他坚守的“大道之行，天下为公”，成为一个民族传承千年、接续万代的精神高地。

　　Confucius's achievements are not only reflected in the establishment of the Confucian school but also in the lasting imprint his ideas have left on the minds of posterity. He emphasized the cultivation of personal virtue and the maintenance of social order. The concepts he advocated, "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and fidelity," had become the cornerstone of Chinese traditional morality. His advocacy of "governing with virtue" provided a direction for rulers to govern the country. His insistence on "When the Great Way prevailed, a public spirit ruled all under Heaven" had become the spiritual highland passed down and carried forward by the nation for thousands of years.

　　政治上不得志

　　Unfulfilled Ambitions in Politics

　　孔子主张“克己复礼”，而这与当时急剧变革的社会现实格格不入。除鲁定公时期，孔子在政治上曾迎来了短暂的高光时刻——出任鲁国大司寇，甚至一度“由大司寇行摄相事”，但很快受到排挤，使他不得不以58岁的高龄，率弟子周游列国，游说诸侯，企图东山再起施展抱负，但始终未受到重视和重用。晚年他回到鲁国，专心执教，同时删诗书、订礼乐、修周易，以传述六艺为己任。公元前479年，73岁的孔子在家乡病逝。

　　Confucius advocated "restoring the rites by self-restraint", which was incompatible with the rapidly changing social reality at that time. Except for the period of Duke Ding of Lu, Confucius had a brief moment in the limelight in politics - he served as the Grand Minister of Justice in the State of Lu and even "acted as the prime minister" for a period of time. However, he was soon marginalized, forcing him to travel with his disciples at the age of 58, advocating to the lords in an attempt to make a comeback and realize his ambitions, but he was never taken seriously or given important positions. In his later years, he returned to the State of Lu, concentrating on teaching, and editing the Book of Songs, standardizing rites and music and revising the Book of Changes, taking on the task of passing on the Six Arts. In 479 BC, Confucius, at the age of 73, passed away in his hometown.

　　教育上成就卓越

　　Outstanding Achievements in Education

　　与政治上的不得志相比，孔子在教育上却取得了巨大的成就。他打破了“学在官府”的现状，开创了私人办学的先河；推行“因材施教”、“有教无类”的教育理念，其教育理论和方法至今仍影响深远，因此被后世尊称为“至圣先师”。

　　In contrast to his unfulfilled ambitions in politics, Confucius achieved great success in education. He broke the situation of "education being the monopoly of the government" and initiated the precedent of private education. He carried out the educational concepts of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "education for all without discrimination". His educational theories and methods still have a far-reaching influence to this day, and therefore, he was honored as the "Supreme Sage and Foremost Teacher" by later generations.

　　天不生仲尼，万古如长夜。在孔子这座智慧灯塔的照耀下，中华传统文化走向了新的高度。两千多年后的今天，我们仍然能够在《论语》中感受到他的智慧和仁慈，更能从中汲取力量，去建设一个清朗和谐的盛世。

　　Without Confucius, all ages would have been like an eternal night. Under the illumination of this lighthouse of wisdom - Confucius, the traditional Chinese culture had reached a new height. Even after more than two thousand years, we can still feel his wisdom and benevolence in the "Analects," and draw strength from it to build a clear, harmonious, and prosperous era.

　　（部分素材来源：海报新闻齐鲁壹点济宁日报）