2000年6月大学英语四级考试试题(3)

　　Passage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based onthefollowing passage:

　　Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yettheylove and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it istheuniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of afive-stargeneral. Why are uniforms so popular in the UnitedStates?

　　Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that intheeyes of most people they look more professional than civilian(百姓的)Clothes. People have be come conditioned to expect superiorqualityfrom a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman whowearsa uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appearsincivilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanicisincreased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse,apoliceman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professionalidentity(身份)than to step out of uniform?

　　Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save onotherclothes. They save on laundry bills. They aretax-deductible(可减税的).They are often more comfortable and moredurable than civilianclothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lackofvariety and the consequent loss of individuality experiencedbypeople who must wear them. Though there are many types ofuniforms,the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck withit,without change, until retirement. When people look alike, theytendto think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

　　Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Thoughtheyare long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater thanthecost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensivetomaintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than thehomelaundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.61. Itissurprising that Americans who worship variety andindividuality_______.

　　A) still judge a man by his clothes

　　B) hold the uniform in such high regard

　　C) enjoy having a professional identity

　　D) will respect an elevator operator as much as a generalinuniform62. People are accustomed to think that a man inuniform_______.

　　A) suggests quality work

　　B) discards his social identity

　　C) appears to be more practical

　　D) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes63. The chiefnof a uniform is to _______.

　　A) provide practical benefits to the wearer

　　B) make the wearer catch the public eye

　　C) inspire the wearers confidence in himself

　　D) provide the wearer with a professional identity64. Accordingtothe passage, people wearing uniforms _______.

　　A) are usually helpful

　　B) have little or no individual freedom

　　C) tend to lose their individuality

　　D) enjoy greater popularity65. The best title for thispassagewould be _______.

　　A) Uniforms and Society

　　B) The Importance of Wearing a Uniform

　　C) Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform

　　D) Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsPassage FourQuestion66to 70 are based on the following passage:

　　Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives dependsinlarge measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strengthofthe human condition is our tendency to give and receivesupportfrom one another under stressful circumstances. Socialsupportconsists of the exchange of resources among people based ontheirinterpersonal ties.Those of us with strong support systemsappearbetterable to cope with major lifechanges and dailyhassles(困难).People with strong social ties live longer and havebetter healththan those withou such ties.Studies over a range ofillnesses, fromdepression to heart disease, reveal that thepresence of socialsupport helps people fend off(挡开) illness, andthe absence of suchsupport makes poor health more likely.

　　Social support cushions stress in a number of ways.First,friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that theyvalueus. Our self-respect is streng thened when we feel acceptedbyothers despite our faults and difficulties. Second, otherpeopleoften provide us with informational support. They help us todefineand understand our problems and find solutions to them.Third, wetypically find social companionship supportive. Engaginginleisure-time activities with others helps us to meet oursocialneeds while at the same time distracting(转移...注意力)us fromourworries and troubles. Finally, other people may giveusinstrumental support ?a financial aid, material resources,andneeded services -- that reduces stress by helping us resolveandcope with our problems.66. Interpersonal relationshipsareimportant because _______.

　　A) they are indispensable to peoples social weel-being

　　B) they waken peoples desire to exchange resources

　　C) they help people to cope with life in the information era

　　D) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heartdisease,etc.67. Research shows that peoples physical and mentalhealth_______.

　　A) relies on the social welfare systems which support them

　　B) has much to do with the amount of support they getfromothers

　　C) depends on their ability to deal with daily worriesandtroubles

　　D)is closely related to their strength for coping withmajorchanges in their lives68. Which of the following is closestinmeaning to the wordcushions(Line 1, .2)?

　　A) Adds up to. B) Does away with.

　　C) Lessens the effect of.D) Lays the foundation for.69. Helpingasick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _______.

　　A) instrumental supportB) informational support

　　C) social companionshipD) the strengthening ofself-respect70.Social companionship is beneficial in that_______.

　　A) it helps strengthen our ties with relatives

　　B) it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes

　　C) it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable

　　D) it draws our attention away from our worries andtroubles【1】【2】 【3】 【4】