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¡¡¡¡Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The riseofmultinational corporations (¿ç¹ú¹«Ë¾), global marketing,newcommunications technologies, and shrinking culturaldifferenceshave led to an unlleled increase in global publicrelations orPR.Surprisingly,since modern PR was largely anAmericaninvention,the U.S.leader ship in public relations isbeingthreatened by PR efforts in other countries.Ten years ago,forexample, the worlds top five public relations agencieswereAmericanª²owned. In 1991, only one was. The British inparticularare becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recentsurvey foundthat more than half of all British companies include PRas part oftheir corporate (¹«Ë¾µÄ) planning activities, compared toaboutoneª²third of U.S. companies, It may not be long beforeLondonreplaces New York as the capital of PR.Why is Americalaggingbehind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a wholetend tobe fairly provincial and take more of an interest in localaffairs.Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never beenstrong inthis country. Secondly, Americans lag behind theirEuropean andAsian counterparts (Ïà¶ÔÓ¦µÄÈË)in knowing a second language.Less than 5percent of Bursonª²Marshalls U.S. employees know twolanguages.Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentageConversely, someEuropean firms have half or more of their enployeesfluent in asecond language. Finally, people involved in PR abroadtend to keepa closer eye on international affairs. In the financialPR area,for instance, most Americans read the Wall StreetJournlal.Orerseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well astheFinancial Times of London and The Economist, Pubications notoftenread in this country.Perhaps the PR industry might take alessonfrom Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turnerrecentlyannounced that the work foreign would no longer be usedon CNNnews broadcasts. According to Turner, global communicationshavemade the nations of the world so interdependant that there isnolonger any such thing as foreign.26.According to the passage,U.S.leadership in public relations is beingthreatenedbecause_______.A) an unlleled increase in the number ofpublicrelations companiesB) shrinking cultural differences andnewcommunications technologiesC) the decreasing numberofmultinational corporations in the U.S.D) increased efforts ofothercountries in public relations27.London could soon replace NewYorkas the center of PR because_______.A) British companies aremoreambitious than U.S. companiesB) British companies placemoreimportance on PR than U.S. companiesC) British companiesareheavily involved in planning activitiesD) four of the worldstoppublic relations agencies are Britishª²owned28.The wordprovincial(Line 2, . 3) most probably means _______.A) limitedin outlookB)like people from the provincesC) rigid in thinkingD)interested inworld financial affairs29.We learn from the thirdgraph thatemployees in the American PR industry_______.A) speak atleast oneforeign language fluentlyB) are ignorant about worldgeographyC)are not as sophisticated as their EuropeancounterpartsD) enjoyreading a great variety of English businesspublications30.Whatlesson might the PR industry take from TedTurner of CNN?A)American PR companies should be moreinternationallyª²minded.B) TheAmerican PR industry should developglobal communicationstechnologies.C) People working in PR should bemore fluent inforeign languages.D) People involved in PR shouldavoid using theword foreign.Questions 31 to 35 are based on thefollowingpassage:Brazil has become one of the developing worldsgreatsuccesses at reducing population growthª²but more by accidentthatdesign. While countries such as India have made joint effortstoreduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result withoutreallytrying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazils populationgrowthrate has dropped from 2.99£¥ a year between 1951 and 1960 to1.93£¥ ayear between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now haveonly 2.7children on average. Martine says this figure may havefallen stillfurther since 1990, an achievement that makes it theenvy of manyother Third World countries.Martine puts it down to,among otherthings, soap operas (ͨË×µçÊÓÁ¬Ðø¾ç) and instalment (·ÖÆÚ¸¶¿î)plansintroduced in the 1970s. Both played an important,althoughindirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one oftheworlds biggest produceers of soap operas. Globl, Brazilsmostpopular television network, shows three hours of soaps sixnights aweek, while three others show at leastone hour a night.Mostsoapsare based on wealthy characters living the high life inbigcities.Although they have never really tried to work in amissagetowards the problems of reproduction, they describe middleandupper class values not many children, different attitudestowardssex, women working, says Martine. They sent this image toallparts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patternsofbehaviour and other values, which were put into a veryattractivepackage.Meanwhile, the instalment plans tried toencourage thepoor to become consumers.This led to an enormouschange inconsumption patterns and consumption was in compatible(²»ÏàÈݵÄ) withunlimited reproduction. says Martine.31.According tothe passage,Brazil has cut back its population growth_______.A) byeducatingits citizensB) by careful family panningC) by developingTVprogrammesD) by chance32.According to the passage, many ThirdWorldcountries_______.A) havent attached much importance tobirthcontrolB) would soon join Brazil in controlling their birthrateC)havent yet found an effective measure to controltheirpopulationD) neglected the role of TV plays infamilyplanning33.The phrase puts it down to (Line 1, . 3) isclosest inmeaning to _______A) attributes it toB) sums it up asC)finds ita reason forD) compares it to34.Soap operas have helped inloweringBrazils birth rate because_______.A) they keep peoplesitting longhours watching TVB) they have gradually changedpeoples way oflifeC) people are drawn to their attractivepackageD) theypopularize birth control measures35.What is Martinesconclusionabout Brazils population growth?A) The increase in birthrate willpromote consumption.B) The desire for consumption helps toreducebirth rate.C) Consumption patterns and reproduction patternsarecontradictory.D) A countrys production is limited byitspopulation growth.

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